Internal-combustion engine



G. A. BLACK.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED NOV. 24, 1919. RENEWED FEB. 11,1921.

1,390,486. P fi p 13, 1921.

WITNESS mvzmon G RGE'A. BLACK, or RANKLIN, rEnnsYLvnniAj T all whom it may concern:

thereto Be it known that-I, GEORGE A. BLACK, a citizen of theUnited States, residing at Franklin, Venango county, Pennsylvania, have invented a new-and useful Improvement in Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a full, clear, and ex,- act description;

The present invention relates broadly to internal combustion engines and more particularly to a valve arrangement for engines of this nature.

The principal object of the'present invention is to increase the available admission and exhaust port areas of ,a standard in ternal combustion engine. A further object of the present invention is to approximately double the areas of the usual admission 'and understood by reference to the accompany-'- ing specification and drawings forming a part thereof, it being premised that changes may be made in the various details and the manner of operation withint'the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit-of the invention.

Figure 1 is a side View partially in section of the upper portion of a pair of. cylinders of a .V-motor having my'inve'ntion applied 2v is a plan view of asupplemental valve attachment. J

Fig. 3 is an end view of: the construction shown in Fig. 2, and

." 'Figs. 4 and '5 are detail views of parts of the attachment.

In theusual type of iL-head' motors, as distinguished from valve in head QLHOWPS,

UNITED. STATES PAT ENT-fort .In'rERNaL-coMBusrIoN" iveiiva I Specification of Letter latiin Sept. 5 Application filed November 24,1919, Serial No.'-340,264 Renewe d'Febr uary 17, 1921. fsaarm: 445L859.

there are provided openings in the" cylinder 5 head positloned directly above the admission and exhaust valves, for'the purpose of permitting access to these Valves.

At the present time it is customary to close these openings by the use of plugs, 'or

the like, which 'are' readily remo'vabl'e jto mental admission and exhaust'ports, frespectively,'by removingthe plugs and using" in place thereof a' supplemental verve atta chment.' I

In the drawings I have illustratedfniy-invention as applied to V-motors, and more 7 particularly to motors adaptedprineipaillyi' for use onmotorcycles, but it will. be-"apparent that theinvention is not limitedin this respect. 'j.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, I' have illustrated cylinders'fi and)? having the usual heat radiating flanges S formed thereon. The cylinders are illustrated as being of the L-head typefeach having an admission valve 9 and an exhaust valve 10 formed in the offset in the cylinder head 11. These valves'are' operated 'inthe usual mannerby tappet rods 12 and 14, respectively, mounted 'in the usual protect- .ing casings, and the ports'controlled bythe valves are in communication with the inlet" manifold 15 and the'exha'ust pipe 16, .re-

spectively. 7 I

fAbove the admission and exhaust valves,

the cylinder head is provided with openings .17 and 18, which openings are provided in motors, as at present constructed, for the reception of plugs. "According to' the pres- .ent invention, these pIugsare removed and a plate 19, machined to fit the cylinder head, f isapplied thereto. "The plate'is provided with openings 20 and'21, respectively, co-

operating with the openings 17fand181and overlying the admission and exhaust valves.

have been placedin position, a supplemental casing24 having hollow bosses 25 and 26,

'respectively.' The plate isheld in position It, by bushings 22' screw threaded therethrongh into the'cylinder head. After the bushings respectively," is appliedabove the plate V ihP-l 91b9sss'sl1dab1y fitting the bushings 22. The casing 24 is divided by a centrally 9 is opened, it Will operate to open the suplocated partition 27 into an admission champlemental admission valve 31 through the ber 28. illlafi lle S ,lchamberh29, which tappetfi? ,andlever l() .thereb.y.doubling the chambers are in communication, resp'ecajdn issionr-area and permitting theifree pastively, with the hollow bosses 26 and 25. sage of the combustible mixture to the en The lower ends of tl 1e bossesjormed;on gine cylinder. Dueito the fact that a porthe supplemental casing-are 'm achin'ed' to tion of this'mixture passes through the chamconstitute seats for the receptionmofi valves ber 28 adjacent the exhaust chamber 29, in

30 and, 31, respectively, operating through l the casing 24-;it Willbe preheated thereby 1O bearings'32, and Bi formedin the chambers, insuringvcomplete vaporization-.5 Invopera- -in 'tliecasing f Surrounding the valve stems tion this supplemental valve attachmenthas Mare compression springs abutting- -at one proven' highly. successful as: "it permits zthe end against the casing 24 and at their oppothrottling of the engine to much lower isitevends againsttheheads"36-zsuitably sespeeds than has heretofore been permitted fla oured-0n the :valve stems. I T I i Wheresingle admission andeX-liaust valves Accord-ing:-tothe present invention, the are employed, and permits'the attainment valve stems are provided withopenings e'x- "of greater speeds'due to'the fact"t hat"the \tendinglongitudinallytherethrough for the cy inders are scavage'd muchmlorequickly "reception; ot-actuating-tap'pets '37 and 38 and a 'more uni-formfflovvof fresh fuel'lis 20, engaging,respectively;the admission and permitted; f nexhaustivalve 9 and 1015f 'thQ GIIQlII J' EH- The casings 24 gaging the upper end o'f the tappetf 37*is suitable" bolts 47 passing through lugs 48 may be held in'position'hv .a nadjustable-serew 39- c'a'rr-ied' bay the lever formed on the casings 24c; and through co A0, having a pivotal'mountingfl 4-1 and bifurresponding 'lugs49onthe plates 19.2"; 25. cated: atits opposite end to" straddle thetap- The advantages of the present invention petsrod- 38-andengaging thefheadw36 on -resultfromthe'increase intheadmission and the stem of valve 31. The upper end of "exhaus t'poi'tareas; and in'th'emore uniform the-tappet38-is in turn in engagement: vvith I distribution of ,H nradjustablejscrew 42 carriedby thei'lever *in'd'er'b'ody. 4 30-l4ron thepivot/H; Thislever is'a-l'sobifur- I'cl aimr w bated at its opposite end'tostraddlethe ta'p- L'An internal"combustion"'eng ine com- ,petir dr37n nd ngage the head 36on' the prising a cylinder having ex'liaus't and adstem of valve 30. i i V The chamben28-in theeasin 'maj be in der head, supplemental exhausuanda'dmis- 35-communieationwith asourc'e of fuel" supply 'sionp'orts in said head, valves for said ports;

through the inlet manifold45;?Whil"the and/means foractuating"saicl'seconclmen the heat throughout the cylmissionports; val vesfo'r said port's, af 'cy1i nvchamber 29-may-exhaust through a suitable tinned valves 'bysa id'first mentionedvalves,

rexhaust manifold 4:6. 'It willbe apparent "substantially 'as' d'escribedf" I rthat irrespectiveof thenumbe'i otcylinders 2. An internal"combustion""enginef'com- 40pm aloyed; each cylinder'xvillbe equipped prising a cylinder having exhaust and ad- 5 Wit a supplemental-valveattachment 'cor- "niission ports; valves'i'or said mite -Reyna responding exactly to-thatdescribed; soth'at 'd'er' head; supplemental exhaustand admis m. the presentdescription-I have for" the sion ports in said headg'val'ves for'said 'pQ1ftsf sake 'oficlearnessspecifically referred to" but "andmeanstor actuating sa-idTsec'o'nd' men- 45 0 1 m --tion'e'd valves'byfand in"unison 'ivith s'aid ,w; Wln-thepperation of an engine provided irst'mentiondvalves;'substantiallyasidewlth a supplemental valve 'attachmentsueh scribedr as. that deseribed i when the exhaust va ve BfiAn inteina'l "combustion enine'g' com- .10. asopened, asshown in 'Fri'gi ly'itv'v'idlllift prising 'abylindePhaVing' e'Xha-us'tand'ad- 50 t'h ewtappeh 38 which through-the lever 14 mission ports. valves'forsaid portsacylinf .v iv1ll., 1n tu-rnsdepress the-wvalve -30 .therebv "der' head,supplementalexhaust andfa'dmis r vmlmg, a supplemental"exhaust port; As sionports insaiid hem, valves ffor said ports,

it'his approximate]? same area the eXhau lZWflVe in saidhead ovrlyinfij he asthe-main-exhaust port; it yvillwb"apparent "admission'valjve'insaid cylinder andi'thead- 55 f 4 Iewapmg? 'g'ase'sis apmission' valve in saidhead' overlyingthe exp x m tely 1 :doubfl edgl theivebypermittinfii' a tmplfil: escape ofi-such -gases from thef'eng'ine actuating said valves in the cylinder'head 'haustvalv e'in said'eylinrler; and"means for 3- n T-:- l to the tact that, these 'ports 'by said valvesin the cylinder; substantiallv l ,are :located on opposite sidsofthe" cylinder as described.

60V h d th v flp jf h tjfig f the Aninteriial combustion"eniziiiefcom- T nt lr he di ,.,C1 h nditioncan notibe'se prising a cylinder having exhaust and adcuredan, an1engine havinganwadmission'"port 'fmis'sion ports; valves" forsai'd ports, '(ivlinior 'coolrgases on one side;and anfi exhaust I V port:- tor burnedwgases T on the? opposite side.

65 nn wh nwthe-admissieg Yalve .theexhaust in said head overlying der head, supplemental exhaustand a'dmisrSlOII' ports in 'sa idhead;-va'lves' for said ports;

the admission valve in said cylinder and the admission valve in said head overlying the 'exhaust valve in said cylinder, and means for actuating said second mentioned valves 111111 118011 withsa d first mentioned valves.

'substantially as described.

7 5. An internal combustion engine, comorisin a c linder havin an exhaust ort a valve therefor, an attachment for use therewith comprising acasing having a port, a supplemental valve for said port, and means foroperat ng said supplemental valve ,by said first mentioned valve, said ports opening into the cylinder above the upward limit of th piston travel therein and permitting simultaneous exhaust of gases therethroughfduring their entire open period, substantially as described.

' 6. An internal combustion engine, comprising a cylinder having an exhaust port,

a valve therefor, an attachment for. use

therewith comprising a casing having a 1 port, ajsupplemental' valve for said port, and

means for-actuating said valve in unison wlth saidfirst mentioned valve, sald ports opening into the cylinder above the upward limit of the piston, travel therein and .pe'rimitting simultaneous exhaust of gases therethrough during their entire open period,

substantially. as described.

-,7. All-internal combustion engine, comprising a cylinder havingan exhaust port, a valve, therefor, an attachment for use therewith for increasing the exhaust area from thecylinder, said attachment comprising a casing secured to the cylinder. head and having a, supplemental port opening into the cylinder and off-set laterally from said first mentioned port, a supplemental valve for having a cylinder head provided'with openings constituting supplemental admission and exhaust ports, a casing having admission and exhaust chambers cooperating with said ports, valves carried by said casing for closing said ports, said cylinder having the usual admission and exhaust ports, valves for said ports, and means for operating said first mentioned valves by said last mentioned valves, substantially as described.

10. An internal combustion engine, comprising a cylinder and a cylinder head, said ,cylinder having admission and exhaust ports formed therein, valves for said ports, said head having admission andexhaust ports .formed therein, valves for said ports, a casing carried by sald head, levers carried by said casing for operating said second mentioned valves, and means for operating said levers by said first mentioned valves, substantially as described.

11. An internal combustion engine, com- ,1]

prising a cylinder and a cylinder head, said 12. An internal combustion. engine, comprising a cylinder and cylinder head, said cylinder having admission and exhaust ports formed therein, valves for said ports, said head having admission and exhaust ports formed therein, valves for said ports, and tappets extending through said valves and engaging said first mentioned valves for operatingthe same in unison with said first mentioned valves, substantially as described.

13..An attachment for internal combustlon englnes having exhaust and admlsslon valves, c0mpr1s1ng a casing havlng exhaust and admission-ports formed therein, supple- .mental valves for said ports, tappets extending longitudinally through said] supplemental valves, and means carried by the cas ing and cooperating with the outer ends of said tappets for-operating said. supplemental valves by said firstmentioned valves, substantially as described;

14. An attachmentfor internal combustion engines, comprising a casing having an admission and an exhaust port, valves for said ports, tappets extending through said valves, a lever engaging one of said tappets at one end and one of said valves at its opposite end, and a second lever engaging said second tappet at one end and said second valve at its opposite end, substantially as described.

15. An attachment for internal combustion engines, comprising a casing having an admission and exhaust port formed therein, valves for said ports, tappets extending through said valves, and pivoted levers carried by said casing, said levers each having a one end bifurcated to straddle a tappet and engaging a valve, and the opposite end constituting a projection engaging a tappet, sub- 7 stantially as described.

16. A valve operating attachment for internal combustion engines, comprising a plurality of actuating tappets, a plurality of levers cooperating therewith, and a common pivotal mounting therefor, said levers each being provided with a bifurcated end and a single end, said bifurcated ends straddling said tappets, substantially as described.

'17. A valve operating attachment for internal combustion engines, comprising a plurality of actuating tappets, a plurality of levers cooperating therewith, a common pivotal mounting therefor, said levers each having a bifurcated end and a single end, saidbifurcated ends straddling said tappets, and an adjusting screw carried by each of said single ends, substantially as described.

18. An internal combustion engine, comprising a cylinder having a primary exhaust port anda secondary exhaust port formed therein, said ports opening into the cylinder above the upward limit of travel of the piston therein and being offset laterally one from the other, valves for said ports, and

means for operating one of said valves by the other of said valves, substantially as de scribed.

19. An internal combustion engine, having a primary exhaust port formed therein, a secondary exhaust port formed therein, said ports opening into the cylinder above the upward limit of travel of the piston therein and being offset laterally, valves for said ports and means for operating one of said valves by and in unison with the other of said valves, substantially as described.

20. An internal combustion engine, comprising a cylinder having a primary exhaust port and a secondary exhaust port, said cylinder also having a primary admission port and a secondary admission port, valves for all of the said ports, and means for operating one of the exhaust valves by the other exhaust valve and one of the admission valves by the other admission valve, sub stantially as described.

21. An internal combustion engine, comprising a' cylinder having a primary admission port and a secondary exhaust port formed therein in overlying relation, said cylinder also having a primary exhaust port and a secondary admission port formed therein in overlying relation, valves for said ports, and means for operating one of the exhaust valves by the other ofthe exhaust valves and one of the admission valves by the other of the admission valves, substantially as described.

22. An internal combustion engine, comprising a pair of opposed admission and exhaust valves, a second pair of opposed exhaust and admission valves, and means for operating one of the valves of each pair by one of the valves of the remaining pair, substantially as described.

23. An internal combustion engine, comprising a pair of opposed admission and exhaust valves, and a second pair of opposed exhaust and admission valves, and a tappet rod extending longitudinally through one of the valves of each pair and engaging a'valve of the other pair, substantially as described.

24. An internal combustion engine, com- GEORGE A. BLACK. 7 

